Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD for short, is
the medical term used to describe diseases of the
lung that are associated with airway obstruction.
The two major diseases that are included in the
category of COPD are:
Chronic bronchitis - an inflammatory
condition of the bronchi characterized by
coughing and expectoration (spitting-up) of
sputum (mucous coughed-up from the lungs)
occurring on most days and lasting 3 months or
longer for at least two consecutive years.
Emphysema - a respiratory disorder that is
characterized by enlargement of the air sacs
(alveoli) in the lungs, through which oxygen
passes from the lungs into the bloodstream.
Although asthma is also a condition that is
associated with airway obstruction, and many people
with COPD also suffer with asthma, as a general
rule, asthma is not included under the category of
COPD.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) is a chronic, debilitating lung
disease, however, with early diagnosis, lifestyle
changes (e.g., smoking cessation), and appropriate
treatment, many people can lead relatively normal
and productive lives.
Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) usually occurs in people
age 35 or older who are current or former smokers.
Signs and symptoms of COPD include:
Coughing
Wheezing
Tightness in the chest
Sputum production
Recurrent respiratory infections
Impaired exercise tolerance
The goals of treatment of patients with stable
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
include:
Maintaining optimal health
Preventing progression of disease
Preventing complications
Improving control of symptoms
Enabling the patient to function to the
greatest extent possible
Improving quality of life
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