What is Open and
Closed Heart Surgery?
Open-heart
surgery generally means an operation in which the
heart-lung machine is used to support the patient’s
circulation while the surgeon opens the chest and
makes changes to the heart or the arteries on the
surface of the heart. There are a variety of types
of open-heart surgeries, depending on the condition
being treated and the overall health of the patient.
In general, patients undergoing open-heart
surgery can expect a hospital stay of at least three
to four days after the surgery. They will not be
allowed to smoke for two weeks before the procedure, or
to eat or drink for eight hours beforehand. They
will usually be admitted on the morning of the
procedure. The procedure itself takes an average of
about five hours. Afterward, the patient will be
very carefully monitored, first in the cardiac
intensive care unit and then on the general floor.
Most open-heart surgeries will not need to be
repeated.
Closed
Heart Surgery:
Closed Heart Surgery,
cardiac repairs are made without the use of a
heart-lung machine. Doctors don’t open the
chest, but incisions are made in between the ribs.
Cardiac catheterization techniques are heavily
relied upon. Whenever possible to avoid the more
invasive open-heart procedures, closed heart
procedures are used.
Procedure:
Preoperative preparation takes about an hour and
includes administration of anesthesia, insertion of
a breathing tube and connection to a respirator,
placement of a stomach tube, a bladder catheter, an
IV in the neck, an arterial line in the wrist, and
electrodes on the chest.
Surgery begins
with an incision in the chest, then separation of
the breastbone to expose the heart. A heart-lung
machine provides circulation while the patient's
heart is stopped for corrective surgery. Once the
damage is repaired and blood flow restored within
the heart, the heart-lung machine is removed.
During closed heart surgery, cardiac repairs
are made without the use of a heart-lung machine.
The chest is not opened, but incisions are made in
between the ribs. Cardiac catheterization techniques
are heavily relied upon. Closed heart procedures are
used whenever possible to avoid the more invasive
open-heart procedures. Closed heart procedures may
also provide corrective surgery to stave off
open-heart surgery until a patient is better fit for
it.
Anesthesia: General
Surgery Time: In
comparison to open Heart surgery, Closed Heart
Surgery requires less time. The lengths of the
operations depend upon the patient's particular
medical case. A cardiologist can estimate the length
of the surgery prior to operation.
Risk/Complications:
Risks
include deep venous thromboses, pneumonia,
infection, severe bleeding, and possible fatality.
Recovery Time: Open Heart Surgery
requires few weeks but Closed Heart Surgery requires
less time.
Post
Operative Care: After surgery, a
patient will awaken unable to speak because of
the respirator, and movement will be
restricted with physical restraints to avoid
unintentional self-harm. Patients will spend 1
to 2 days in the Critical Care Unit (CCU),
then an additional 4 to 7 days at the hospital
before release. At home, pain medicines and rest
are important. Patients may have chest pain
for a few months following surgery. For the
first few weeks at home, patients may not
notice any improvement. Cardiac rehabilitation
will begin at the hospital and continue after
release. A dietician will recommend a heart
healthy diet.
Special
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Hospitals Listing
Gleneagles Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
{Malaysia}
Gleneagles Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur
Phyathai
Banbkok
{Thailand}
Phyathai 1 Hospital was established on 30 July, 1976 and it is located a
Lilawati Hospital
Mumbai
{India}
Fortis Helthcare
New Delhi
{India}
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