Atrial refers to the heart's two upper chambers, the left and right atria. The
two lower chambers are called the ventricles. Fibrillating means quivering, or
rapid beating.
Irregular, rapid beating of the atrial chambers
characterizes Atrial Fibrillation. This happens when the normal system that
conducts electricity in the atria malfunctions. A storm of electrical activity
across both atria causes them to fibrillate 300 to 600 times per
minute.
The ventricles pick up only a small number of these impulses, but
the ventricular rate can approach 180 or higher. Whether Atrial Fibrillation
happens at high or low heart rates, its irregular rhythm means the ventricles
can't pump blood efficiently to the rest of the body. Instead, blood pools in
the heart and the body doesn't get enough air.
This can result in a
varying symptom from relatively mild ones, such as fatigue and cough, to
serious ones, such as angina and stroke. Atrial Fibrillation causes more than
70,000 strokes each year in the U.S., where 160,000 new cases of Atrial
Fibrillation are diagnosed each year. Atrial Fibrillation's likelihood increases
with age..
Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation requires medication and,
often, surgery. A variety of procedures are available. The most common initial
step is Cardioversion - restoration of the heart's normal rhythm - accomplished
either with medicine or electrically (direct-current cardioversion).s an
ASD.
Atrial Fibrillation can manifest several ways. Older people
typically get Chronic Atrial Fibrillation. Excess adrenaline - often during a
"fight or flight" situation - causes Adrenergic Atrial Fibrillation. Neurogenic
Atrial Fibrillation stems from an imbalance in the nervous system's regulation
of the heart. Men between 30 and 50 are subject to Vagal Atrial Fibrillation
after a meal or at rest. Young people can be affected by lone or primary Atrial
Fibrillation, which presents no identifiable cause; Paroxysmal Atrial
Fibrillation, which causes intermittent attacks of variable length; and rare
familial Atrial Fibrillation.
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