Reflex sympathetic
dystrophy (RSD) is a complex, poorly understood
disorder that is characterized by chronic, severe
pain and progressive changes in skin, muscle, and
bone. Although the precise causes of RSD are
unknown, it often occurs following an injury, often
minor in nature. Some experts believe that RSD
represents an exaggerated response of the
sympathetic nervous system to some form of injury or
insult (e.g. surgery) to the area resulting in
chronic, severe, sometimes debilitating pain.
Although the signs and symptoms of RSD vary
depending upon the clinical stage of the disorder,
the one common feature shared by all 3 clinical
stages (early, established, or late RSD) is pain.
Because
currently there is no cure for RSD, the goals of
treatment include: 1) controlling and minimizing
pain to the greatest extent possible; 2) restoring
function to the RSD-affected limb; 3) preventing
progression of the disease process to the late
stage; and 4) improving the patient's quality of
life and psychological functioning.
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