The subspecialty of female urology is concerned with the
diagnosis and treatment of those urinary tract disorders most prevalent in
females. These include:
Urinary
Incontinence and Pelvic floor Prolapse
Voiding
Dysfunction
Recurrent
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Urethral
Syndrome
Interstitial
Cystitis
Expert evaluation of these conditions includes a complete
history and physical exam. Urodynamics (bladder function test) and imaging
studies may be required to fully evaluate the urinary tracts. Additional
bladder studies such, as cystoscopy may be necessary.
What is Urinary Incontinence?
Incontinence is an involuntary loss of urine. It is further
defined by type as either stress (leakage with straining, coughing, sneezing),
urge, mixed, overflow, functional or reflex incontinence.
Treatment is dependent on the type of incontinence. Current
therapies include dietary changes, scheduled voiding, bladder retraining,
pelvic muscle exercises, biofeedback, electrical stimulation therapy,
medication, collagen implants and minimally invasive surgery.
The tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) has
become popular for the surgical treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence.
The procedure includes insertion of polyester tape in the pelvic floor to
support the urethra. This surgery is done through minimal incision.
What is Voiding Dysfunction?
Voiding dysfunction can take many forms. The main symptoms
are urinary frequency, urgency, painful urination and/or incomplete bladder
emptying.
Treatment is aimed at decreasing or eliminating symptoms.
What are the treatments?
Treatment may involve medications or pelvic floor relaxation
exercises.
What is Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?
A recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) may be generally
defined as three or more infections within one year. This may be idiopathic (no
obvious cause or related to a urologic disorder such as stones, tumor, reflux
(urine flows backwards toward the kidney) or ineffective bladder emptying.
Treatment is aimed at identifying the cause and/or proper
antibiotic therapy to break the cycle of recurrent infection.
What is Urethral Syndrome?
Urethral syndrome is a condition involving pain at the
urethra that can occur during urination or without regard to urination.
What are the treatments?
Treatment may consist of oral medication or local estrogen
replacement therapy. Urethral syndrome may exist as a component of interstitial
cystitis.
What is Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a urologic syndrome
characterized by excessive urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia (nighttime
urination) and pain in the lower abdomen and/or perineum. It can occur at any age;
however, the median age at diagnosis is between 42 and 46 years. The cause of
IC is unclear. It is believed to be related to irregularities in the bladder
lining and/or an allergic/immune response. IC can severely affect an
individual's quality of life.
What are the treatments?
Promising developments in the treatment of IC include
medications. Hydrodistention of the bladder under anesthesia is a common
therapeutic and diagnostic procedure. In the most severe cases, surgery
including denervation, urinary diversion and augmentation cytoplasty may be
performed.
Hospitals Listing
KPJ Healthcare, Berhad
Berhad
{Malaysia}
KPJ Healthcare, Berhad
Asian Heart Institue
New Delhi
{India}
AHI is a pure cardiac centre specialising in developing outstanding medical outcomes for cardiac pat
Escorts Heart Institute
New Delhi
{India}
Shroff Eye Hospital & Clinic
New Delhi
{India}
Shroff Eye Hospital is the first in India to be Certified by JCI (Joint Commission International, US
OCC World Class Doctors
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