Multiple
myeloma (MM) is one of several cancers categorized
as "plasma cell dyscrasias." They account
for 10% of all blood system malignancies.
The
immune system has several types of cells that work
together to fight infection and disease. Lymphocytes
are the main immune system cell types. When B-cell
lymphocytes respond to an infection, they mature and
change into plasma cells, which produce and release
proteins called immunoglobulins (antibodies) that
attack and help kill disease-causing germs.
But,
when these plasma cells grow out of control, they
can produce tumors that in several sites, especially
in bone marrow (plasmacytomas). When these tumors
grow in multiple sites, they are called multiple
myeloma (MM). This cancer can produce various
skeletal, blood system and kidney symptoms and is
most often diagnosed during an evaluation for
unrelated problems, although it can present with
bone pain or a fracture.
MM is the most
common primary bone cancer in adults (generally in
those older than 50) with an annual U.S. incidence
of 3 to 4 cases per 100,000 people. It occurs with
greatest frequency in African-Americans and is very
rare among Asians.
Oral or intravenous
chemotherapy is the standard treatment to destroy or
control myeloma cells. Radiation may also be used.
The choice of regimen depends on the patient's age
and kidney function, and the stage of the disease.
Treatment focuses on achieving and maintaining
remission and on preventing complications.
Hospitals Listing
Batra Hospital
New Delhi
{India}
The
Batra Hospital and Medical
KK Women's and Children's Hospital
{Singapore}
KK Women's and Children's Hospital
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital
New Delhi
{India}
Prince Court, Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
{Malaysia}
Prince Court, Kuala Lumpur
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